IT Glossary - ITU Online IT Training
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IT Glossary
Key Terms To Know In The IT Industry

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RPC (Remote Procedure Call)

A protocol that one program can use to request a service from a program located on another computer in a network.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Distributed Systems

RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman)

A public-key cryptosystem that is widely used for secure data transmission.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Cryptography

RSA Algorithm

A public-key cryptosystem that is widely used for secure data transmission. It's based on the difficulty of factoring the product of two large prime numbers.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Cryptography

RSA Encryption

A public-key cryptosystem that is widely used for secure data transmission. Named after its inventors Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Cryptography

RSS (Really Simple Syndication)

A web feed format used to publish frequently updated content, such as blog posts or news articles, in a standardized format.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Web

Rubber Duck Debugging

A method of debugging code by explaining it, line by line, to an inanimate object, like a rubber duck, to understand the problem more clearly.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Debugging

Ruby

A dynamic, object-oriented programming language known for its simplicity and productivity.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Programming

Ruby on Rails

A popular open-source web application framework written in Ruby, known for its simplicity and productivity.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Web

Ruby on Rails (Rails)

A server-side web application framework written in Ruby under the MIT License. It is a modelâviewâcontroller (MVC) framework, providing default structures for a database, a web service, and web pages.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Web Development

RubyGems

A package manager for the Ruby programming language that provides a standard format for distributing Ruby programs and libraries.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Web Development

Rule-Based System

A system that uses rules as the knowledge representation basis to solve problems.

You will find this term commonly used in AI, Expert Systems

Runtime

The period during which a program is running. It begins when a program is opened (or executed) and ends when the program is closed.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, General IT

Runtime Configuration

The process of setting and adjusting options and parameters of software applications during runtime without requiring a restart or redeployment.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Configuration Management

Runtime Environment

A system for executing computer programs. Often, it is used synonymously with runtime system and runtime library.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, General IT

Runtime Error

An error that occurs during the execution of a program, as opposed to compilation errors.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Debugging

Runtime Library

A collection of software programs used at program runtime to provide one or more native program functions or services.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, General IT

Runtime Optimization

Techniques and processes applied during the execution of a program to enhance performance and efficiency dynamically.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Performance

Runtime Polymorphism

A process in object-oriented programming that allows a function to use variables of different types at runtime.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Programming Concepts

Rust

A multi-paradigm programming language designed for performance and safety, especially safe concurrency.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Rust Libraries

Collections of pre-compiled routines or functions that a program can use to optimize tasks.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Rust Programming Language

A language focused on speed, memory safety, and parallelism, emphasizing safe concurrency and memory management without a garbage collector.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

RWD (Responsive Web Design)

An approach to web design that makes web pages render well on a variety of devices and window or screen sizes.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Design

SaaS (Software as a Service)

A software delivery model where software is hosted by a third-party provider and made available to customers over the internet, usually on a subscription basis.

You will find this term commonly used in Cloud Computing, General IT

SAFe (Scaled Agile Framework)

A set of organization and workflow patterns intended to guide enterprises in scaling lean and agile practices beyond single teams.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Agile Methodologies

Salesforce

A cloud-based software company that provides customer relationship management service and also sells a complementary suite of enterprise applications.

You will find this term commonly used in CRM, Cloud Computing

Salesforce Certified Administrator

Demonstrates the ability to configure and manage a Salesforce application.

You will find this term commonly used in CRM Administration

Salesforce Certified Advanced Administrator

Demonstrates advanced knowledge of Salesforce administration, focusing on higher-level features, customization, and management.

You will find this term commonly used in CRM, Administration

Salesforce Certified Developer

Validates skills in custom development for Salesforce applications, including the ability to develop business logic and interfaces using the Salesforce platform.

You will find this term commonly used in CRM, Software Development

SAM (Software Asset Management)

The process of managing and optimizing the purchase, deployment, maintenance, utilization, and disposal of software applications within an organization.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Software Management

SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language)

A standard for exchanging authentication and authorization data between parties, particularly between an identity provider and a service provider.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Cybersecurity

SAN

Storage Area Network, a specialized network that provides access to storage resources.

You will find this term commonly used in Storage

SAN (Storage Area Network)

A dedicated high-speed network that provides access to shared storage resources, such as disk arrays or tape libraries.

You will find this term commonly used in Storage

Sandbox

An isolated environment where untrusted programs can be executed without affecting the host system, commonly used for testing and security purposes.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Cybersecurity

SANS Institute

Offers training and certifications in cybersecurity and information security, known for in-depth technical courses and GIAC certifications.

You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity

SATA (Serial ATA)

An interface used to connect ATA hard drives to a computer's motherboard, supporting faster data transfer speeds than its predecessor, PATA.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Hardware

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

A control system architecture that uses computers, networked data communications, and graphical user interfaces for high-level process supervisory management.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Security

Scalability

The ability of a system, network, or process to handle growing amounts of work or users without sacrificing performance or reliability.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT

Scalability Testing

A type of testing to ensure a software application can handle the expected number of users, the amount of data, the number of transactions, etc.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Testing

Scalable

A system or application's ability to handle increasing amounts of work or users without significant performance degradation.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT, Networking

Schema

In databases, a schema represents the organizational structure of the database comprising tables, views, and the relationships between them.

You will find this term commonly used in Databases, Data Management

Schema Migration

The process of managing changes to a database schema over time, including updates, deletions, and additions to the schema structure.

You will find this term commonly used in Databases, Software Development

Script Kiddie

A derogatory term for an inexperienced cybercriminal who uses scripts or programs developed by others to attack computer systems and networks.

You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity

Scripting

Writing code to automate tasks or processes.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT

Scrum

An Agile framework used for managing software development projects, emphasizing iterative development and collaboration.

You will find this term commonly used in Project Management, General IT

Scrum Master

A role within a Scrum team responsible for ensuring the team follows agile practices and principles.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Agile Methodologies

SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network)

A specific application of software-defined networking (SDN) technology applied to WAN connections, which are used to connect enterprise networks over large geographic distances.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Software Defined Networking

SDDC (Software-Defined Data Center)

A data center where all infrastructure is virtualized and delivered as a service, and the control of the data center is automated by software.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Cloud Computing

SDK (Software Development Kit)

A collection of software development tools in one installable package, designed to facilitate the creation of applications.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle)

The process of planning, designing, developing, testing, deploying, and maintaining software applications.

You will find this term commonly used in Programming, General IT

SDP (Software-Defined Perimeter)

A security framework that denies access to resources until the identity of the device and the user has been verified.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Cybersecurity

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