IT Glossary - ITU Online IT Training
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IT Glossary
Key Terms To Know In The IT Industry

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JOLT (JSON to JSON transformation)

A JSON to JSON transformation library where the "specification" for the transform is itself a JSON document.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Transformation, Software Development

JOOQ (Java Object Oriented Querying)

A lightweight database-mapping and query library for Java that allows for building SQL queries through its API, providing a type-safe way to construct and execute SQL queries.

You will find this term commonly used in Database Management, Java

Journaling File System

A file system that keeps track of changes not yet committed to the file system's main part by recording the intentions of such changes in a data structure known as a "journal".

You will find this term commonly used in Storage, File Systems

JPA (Java Persistence API)

A Java application programming interface specification that describes the management of relational data in applications.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Database Management

JPMS (Java Platform Module System)

Introduced in Java 9, it's a system for modularizing Java applications, allowing for encapsulation and dependencies management.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Java

JPQL (Java Persistence Query Language)

A query language provided by the JPA specification for making queries against entities stored in a relational database.

You will find this term commonly used in Database Management, Software Development

jQuery

A fast, small, and feature-rich JavaScript library designed to simplify the client-side scripting of HTML.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development

jQuery Mobile

A touch-optimized web framework (also known as a JavaScript library or mobile framework) designed to make responsive web sites and apps that are accessible on all smartphone, tablet, and desktop devices.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Mobile Development

JRMP (Java Remote Method Protocol)

A protocol used for remote method invocation in Java, allowing an object on one Java virtual machine to invoke methods on an object in another JVM.

You will find this term commonly used in Distributed Computing, Networking

JRuby

A Java implementation of the Ruby programming language, allowing Ruby applications to be run on the Java platform.

You will find this term commonly used in Programming, Software Development

JSF (JavaServer Faces)

A Java specification for building component-based user interfaces for web applications.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Software Development

JShell

An interactive command-line interface for Java programming, which allows for rapid development and testing.

You will find this term commonly used in Programming, Software Development

JSLint

A static code analysis tool used in software development for checking if JavaScript source code complies with coding rules.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Code Quality

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)

A lightweight data-interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write, and easy for machines to parse and generate.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Interchange, Web Development

JSON API

A specification for how a client should request that resources be fetched or modified, and how a server should respond to those requests, in JSON format.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, APIs

JSON Binding (JSON-B)

A standard binding layer for converting Java objects to/from JSON messages, part of Java EE.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Interchange, Java

JSON Parser

A tool or library that interprets JSON data into a readable format or a data structure, such as an object in programming languages.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Processing, Web Development

JSON Patch

A format for specifying updates to a JSON document, allowing for more efficient and targeted updates compared to sending a complete document.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, APIs

JSON Pointer

A string syntax for identifying a specific value within a JSON document. It's used for directly pointing to a nested JSON value.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, APIs

JSON Schema

A vocabulary that allows you to annotate and validate JSON documents.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Interchange, Web Development

JSON Streaming

A technique for processing JSON data stream rather than handling it all at once, useful for large JSON files or data streams.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Processing, Web Development

JSON Web Encryption (JWE)

A standard for encrypting JSON data. It provides a way to securely transmit sensitive information in JSON format.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Web Development

JSON Web Key (JWK)

A JSON data structure that represents a cryptographic key. The JWK specification is a standard way to represent a public (or private) key in JSON format.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Web Development

JSON Web Key Sets (JWKS)

A set of keys which contains the public keys used to verify any JSON Web Token (JWT) issued by the authorization server and signed using a supported algorithm.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Web Development

JSON Web Signature (JWS)

A standard for signing JSON data to ensure its integrity and authenticity. It's widely used in token-based authentication systems.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Web Development

JSON Web Tokens (JWT)

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

You will find this term commonly used in Security, Web Development

JSON-LD (JSON for Linking Data)

A method of encoding Linked Data using JSON, aiming to provide a way to make JSON data interoperable at a web-scale.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Interchange, Web Development

JSON-RPC

A remote procedure call protocol encoded in JSON, allowing data to be transmitted over a network between a client and a server.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Application Development

JSON-RPC 2.0

A protocol that uses JSON for encoding remote procedure calls, enabling asynchronous, stateless communication between client and server.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Web Development

JSON-RPC over WebSocket

A combination of JSON-RPC protocol with WebSocket, providing full-duplex communication channels over a single TCP connection.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, Web Development

JSON-RPC Protocol

A protocol that allows for remote procedure calls (RPC) using JSON for encoding the data. It's a simple protocol that defines a few data structures and the rules around their processing.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking, APIs

JSON5

A proposed extension to JSON intended to make JSON code easier for humans to write and read, adding features such as comments, unquoted keys, etc.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Interchange, Web Development

Jsonnet

A domain specific configuration language that helps you define JSON data, allowing templates and inheritance to manage complex configurations.

You will find this term commonly used in Configuration Management, DevOps

JSONP (JSON with Padding)

A method used to request data from a server residing in a different domain than the client.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Cross-domain Communication

JSONPath

A query language for JSON, similar to XPath for XML.

You will find this term commonly used in Data Interchange, Web Development

JSP (JavaServer Pages)

A technology that helps software developers create dynamically generated web pages based on HTML, XML, or other document types.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Software Development

JSP Custom Tags

User-defined tags in JavaServer Pages (JSP) that encapsulate reusable code in a more modular and maintainable way, extending the JSP language.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Java

JSP Tag Library

A collection of custom tags that encapsulate complex behavior to simplify web page development.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Java

JSS (JavaScript Style Sheets)

An authoring tool for CSS which allows you to use JavaScript to describe styles in a declarative, conflict-free, and reusable way.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Frontend Development

JSSS (JavaScript Style Sheets)

An obsolete technology that proposed using JavaScript to define styles for web pages, superseded by CSS.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Styling

JSTL (JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library)

A collection of JSP tags that encapsulates core functionality common to many JSP applications.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Software Development

JSTL (JSP Standard Tag Library)

A collection of tag libraries that provide common web development tasks, such as iteration and conditionals, for JSP pages, avoiding the need for Java code in JSP files.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, Java

JSX

A syntax extension for JavaScript, recommended for use with React to describe what the UI should look like.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, UI Design

JSX (JavaScript XML)

An extension to JavaScript that allows XML/HTML syntax to be used directly within JavaScript, most commonly used with React.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development, User Interface Design

JTA (Java Transaction API)

An API that allows applications to perform distributed transactions across multiple X/Open XA resources in a Java environment.

You will find this term commonly used in Enterprise Computing, Database Management

JTA Transactions

A high-level API provided by Java for managing transactions across multiple XA resources in a distributed environment.

You will find this term commonly used in Database Management, Transaction Management

JTAG (Joint Test Action Group)

A standard for verifying designs and testing printed circuit boards after manufacture.

You will find this term commonly used in Hardware Development, Debugging

JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) Interface

A standard for verifying designs and testing printed circuit boards after manufacture.

You will find this term commonly used in Hardware Development, Debugging

JTAG Boundary Scan

A technology used for testing interconnects on printed circuit boards (PCBs) or sub-blocks inside an integrated circuit. It uses the JTAG port for accessing the test features.

You will find this term commonly used in Hardware Development, Testing

JTAG Debugging

A method of debugging embedded systems through the JTAG port, allowing for direct manipulation and examination of system state while running.

You will find this term commonly used in Hardware Development, Debugging

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