IT Glossary - ITU Online IT Training
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IT Glossary
Key Terms To Know In The IT Industry

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Gesture Recognition

The ability of a device to identify and interpret various movements of the human body, particularly hand movements, to interface with a computer without direct physical contact.

You will find this term commonly used in AI / Hardware

Gesture Recognition Technology

The mathematical interpretation of a human motion by a computing device. Gestures can originate from any bodily motion or state but traditionally originate from the face or hand.

You will find this term commonly used in AI / Human-Computer Interaction

Gesture-Based Computing

Technology that enables users to interact with digital devices through bodily motions, without using traditional input devices like a keyboard or mouse.

You will find this term commonly used in HCI (Human-Computer Interaction)

Gesture-Based Control

Control systems that interpret human gestures via mathematical algorithms, allowing users to interact with technology without physical touch.

You will find this term commonly used in HCI, Robotics

Gesture-Based Interaction

Interacting with digital devices using physical gestures, such as swiping, tapping, and pinching, recognized by touch screens or gesture-detection technology.

You will find this term commonly used in Human-Computer Interaction / UI Design

Gesture-Based Navigation

A system that allows users to navigate through a device or application using physical gestures, such as swipes or hand movements.

You will find this term commonly used in HCI, Mobile Development

GFS (Google File System)

A proprietary distributed file system developed by Google to provide efficient, reliable access to data using large clusters of commodity hardware.

You will find this term commonly used in Cloud Computing / Database Management

Ghost Site

A website or web service that remains online but is no longer updated or maintained.

You will find this term commonly used in Web Development

GIAC (Global Information Assurance Certification)

Provides certifications focusing on security administration, forensics, management, audits, and legal aspects of IT security.

You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity, Forensics

GIAC Security Essentials Certification (GSEC)

Validates a practitioner's knowledge of information security beyond simple terminology and concepts.

You will find this term commonly used in Cybersecurity

Gigabit

A unit of digital information or computer storage equal to one billion bits. It's commonly used in expressing networking speeds.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking / General IT

Gigabit Ethernet

A term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second, as defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking

Gigabit Networking

Networking technology that supports data transmission speeds of one gigabit per second or more, enhancing network performance and capacity.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking

Gigabyte (GB)

A unit of digital information storage that equals approximately 1 billion bytes or 1024 megabytes. Commonly used to specify storage capacity of digital devices.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT

Gigahertz (GHz)

A unit of frequency equal to one billion hertz. It is commonly used to measure the processing speed of computers.

You will find this term commonly used in Hardware

GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program)

A free and open-source raster graphics editor used for image retouching and editing, free-form drawing, converting between different image formats, and more specialized tasks.

You will find this term commonly used in General IT / Graphic Design

Git

A distributed version control system used for tracking changes in source code during software development.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Branch

A lightweight movable pointer to one of these commits. Branches serve as an abstraction for the edit/stage/commit process. They allow you to work on multiple features in a single repository at the same time.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Branching

A feature of Git that allows developers to diverge from the main line of development and continue to work independently without affecting that main line.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Checkout

A Git command used to switch between branches or restore working tree files. It's pivotal in managing multiple development paths within a single project.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Clone

A command in Git used to target an existing repository and create a clone, or copy of the target repository.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Conflict Resolution

Techniques and strategies to resolve conflicts that arise when merging branches in Git, ensuring code integrity and continuity.

You will find this term commonly used in Version Control, Software Development

Git Fetch

A primary command used in Git to download content from a remote repository. It's used to update the local version of a repository from a remote.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Flow

A branching model for Git, created by Vincent Driessen. It has attracted a lot of attention because it is very well suited to collaboration and scaling the development team.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Hook

Scripts that run before or after events such as: commit, push, and receive. Git hooks are a built-in feature - no need to download anything. Git hooks are run locally.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Merge

The action of integrating changes from one branch into another. It is a fundamental process in the Git version control system.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Merge Conflict

A situation that occurs when Git is unable to automatically resolve differences in code between two commits.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Rebase

A process in Git that is used to apply changes from one branch onto another, typically used to maintain a clean project history by integrating updates from a main branch into a feature branch.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Repository Management

The process of organizing and managing a collection of source code, documents, and other project-related assets in Git repositories.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, Version Control

Git Revert

A command in Git that creates a new commit that undoes the changes made in a specified commit. This is a safe way to undo changes, as it doesn't alter the project history.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Squash

A technique in version control that combines multiple commits into a single commit. It's used for cleaning up a messy history or combining a feature's work before merging into the main branch.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Stash

A command in Git that temporarily shelves or stashes changes made to your working copy so you can work on a different task.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Submodules

A feature of Git used to keep a Git repository as a subdirectory of another Git repository. This allows you to keep a library in a separate repository and include it in your main repository.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Git Tag

A mechanism in Git used to mark specific points in a repositoryâs history as important, typically used for release points (v1.0, v2.0).

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

GitHub

A platform for hosting and sharing code. It uses Git, the distributed version control system. GitHub is a central repository, and it provides several collaboration features.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

GitHub Actions

GitHub's CI/CD platform that allows for automation of workflows directly in the GitHub repository setup.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

GitHub Copilot

An AI-powered code completion tool developed by GitHub and OpenAI. It assists developers by suggesting whole lines or blocks of code as they type, learning from the context within the existing code.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development / AI

GitHub Enterprise

The on-premises version of GitHub that allows developers to use GitHubâs powerful collaboration, code review, and code management for open source and private projects on the organizationâs own servers.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

GitHub Integration

The process of connecting GitHub with other tools and services to streamline development workflows, such as continuous integration and project management platforms.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development, DevOps

GitHub Marketplace

A central platform for developers to find, share, and sell tools and services that extend GitHub's functionality, ranging from continuous integration to code review tools.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

Gitignore File

A text file in a Git repository that tells Git which files or directories to ignore when committing changes. It helps keep temporary, non-essential, or sensitive information out of repositories.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

GitLab

A web-based DevOps lifecycle tool that provides a Git repository manager providing wiki, issue-tracking, and CI/CD pipeline features, using an open-source license.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

GitLab CI/CD

Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment and delivery features integrated into GitLab, a web-based DevOps lifecycle tool.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development

GitOps

A paradigm or a set of practices that empowers developers to perform tasks which typically (in traditional IT) fall under IT operations. It uses Git as a single source of truth for declarative infrastructure and applications.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development / General IT

Glare Effect

A visual effect on screens that occurs when a light source directly hits the display, making it difficult to see the content. Addressing glare involves hardware design and ergonomics.

You will find this term commonly used in Hardware / Ergonomics

Glare Reduction

Techniques or technologies designed to minimize glare on screens and monitors, improving visibility and reducing eye strain for users.

You will find this term commonly used in Hardware / User Experience

Glass Box Testing

Another term for white box testing, where the tester has full visibility of the internal workings of the software being tested.

You will find this term commonly used in Software Development / Security

Glass Fiber

A technology that uses thin strands of glass or plastic fibers for transmitting data as pulses of light. It's widely used in telecommunications and networking because of its high speed and long distance capabilities.

You will find this term commonly used in Networking

Glitch Art

A form of art that leverages digital or analog errors for aesthetic purposes, often created by corrupting digital data.

You will find this term commonly used in Digital Art, Multimedia

Global Delivery Model

A business model that allows companies to provide services across the world using a mix of onshore, nearshore, and offshore teams.

You will find this term commonly used in Business Strategy, Outsourcing

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